Keynote speakers, lectures and presentations: DAY 1
Keynote speakers:
Paula Marques (Housing / Local Development city councilor of Lisbon City Hall)
Together, we make Lisbon/ Juntos, fazemos Lisboa.
Pedro Campos Costa (Homeland commissioner, Venice Biennale
2014)
Homeland - portuguese
representation at 14 Venice bienal of Architecture
Miguel Brito (BIPZIP program - Neighbourhoods and areas of priority intervention /
Bairros e Zonas de Intervenção Prioritária)
Practice in citizen participation
LECTURES
António Brito
Guterres (Dinâmia’CET –IUL/ ISCTE-IUL) and Sérgio Oliveira (Aga Khan Foundation) Participative process and generative
research
Participatory design
plays a key role in today’s democratic societies. Over the past decades a wide
variety of techniques and tools have been employed in participatory design.
From the side of the social sciences, the paradign has been growing. The lecture
will present contemporary participatory design processes to approache complex
problems and identify future opportunities. This approach is based on the
democratic concept of involving people in the decision-making process by
allowing them to take design decisions.
Learning objectives:
1. Acquire basic
knoweledge about participatory design.
2. Incorporate
contribution from local citizens in design strategies and practice
Bibliography:
Sanoff, H
(1990). Participatory Design. Theory & Techniques. North Carolina: Henry
Sanoff
Sandra Marques Pereira (Dinâmia’CET –IUL/ ISCTE-IUL)
Home and Social
Change
The lecture will introduce
general concepts addressed at the pre-workshop lecture.
Learning objectives:
1. Introduction to the historical/societal turning-points in recent
Portuguese history: dictatorship; revolution; adhesion to UE; crisis.
2. Characterization of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area (the context of
Portela’s Estate) and its evolution: demographic; morphological; sociological.
3. Evolution of housing in Lisbon Metropolitan Area and its sociological
implications.
3.1 Point of departure: polarization between bourgeois home and popular
home (slums, overcrowding, shared houses, illegal housing).
3.2 Modern Housing: architectural design and social intentions.
3.3 Evolution of private housing sector after the revolution (dwelling
program)
A. The mainstream: modern matrix + progressive investment in domestic
private space
B. The exception: towards the claim for difference through the
investment in the permeability of domestic areas
Bibliography:
Pereira, SM (2013). Casa e Mudança Social. Uma leitura da
transformações da sociedade portuguesa a partir da casa. Lisboa: Caleidoscópio
Vasco Moreira Rato (Dinâmia’CET –IUL/ ISCTE-IUL)
Energy and construction Materials
– Embodied Energy & Carbon
The lecture will be
an introduction to life cycle principles which will be presented together with
a brief overview of methodologies for life cycle assessment. Embodied energy
and carbon emission reduction will be explained as environmental impact
indicators. A calculation method for these parameters will be detailed.
Learning objectives:
1. Acquire basic knoweledge on sustainability, life cycle and
architecture
2. Calculate embodied energy and carbon of a construction element
Bibliography:
Hegger, M Et al
(2008). Energy Manual.
Sustainable Architecture. Edition Detail, Birkhäuse.
Alexandra Paio ( Adetti-IUL/ISCTE-IUL) and Sancho
Oliveira (IT-IUL /ISCTE-IUL)
Computacional design (CAD/CAM
tools)
The twenty-first
century digital revolution brings new challenges to the design process. The
digital tools are part of the everyday life of creators in all fields. More and
more, innovation in creative processes is the result of computational logics.
The advent of new software and tools has boosted new approaches to the process
of thinking and doing. Thus, new logics in creative thinking are being applied,
such as generative and parametric models, Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) and
Building Information Modeling (BIM). The lecture will be complemented with a
visit to the VitruviusFablab.
Learning objectives:
1. Introduction to digital
manufacturing processes and the available
fabrication technologies
2. Advantages and disadvantages of the CAD/CAM technologies in order to
build a customized solution econolocally and socially sustainable.
Bibliography:
Kolarevic, Branko (2003). Architecture in the Digital Age. Design and
Manufacturing. Taylor & Francis.
Dunn, Nick (2012). Digital Fabrication in Architecture. Laurance King
Publishing Limited
Exhausting but fascinating day of informative lectures. Paula Marques (Councillor of Housing & Local Development) gave us an overview of housing development in Portugal from the 1920s up to now. Very distinct periods including the 'economic' or 'demountable' housing of the 1920-1940s which was a very novel solution as migrants flocked to Lisbon. Images redolent of refugee camps. Interesting that little built by the government since the 1990s which reflects the move to relying on the private sector market so common in many EU countries. The latest initiatives since the start of the crisis sound interesting with strategic programmes being undertaken by the Lisbon City Council in a total of 67 areas. These are carefully called 'priority intervention areas' which I suspect is a euphemism for areas that if something is not done quickly they will become highly unmanageable, socially problematic areas. She acknowledged the need to change the language up to now - hence the 'BIP/ZIP' zones. Big emphasis on an inclusive participative process. All sounds very admirable and a recognition that the people who live in these areas must be involved in their re-generation. Having worked on some consultation processes with Dublin City Council the question I had for Paula was how are these managed and what degree of participation actually occurs. The only mildly successful one in Dublin was with the community group at Fatima Mansions who were highly organised and with their activist community workers got a fairly good deal. See here - http://www.fatimagroupsunited.com/ and various links here - https://www.google.pt/search?q=fatima+mansions+housing+dublin&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&aq=t&rls=org.mozilla:en-GB:official&client=firefox-a&channel=sb&gfe_rd=cr&ei=ozDJU9q7Aa7T8gfE-IEw.
ReplyDeleteThe other extensive consultation process from Dublin was the regeneration of the Ballymun Flats (which Ilze Antonova did a comparative study of the original 1960s flats with those of Portela in the pre-workshop TK2 task). Sadly the completion of the regeneration is now virtually on hold due to the economic crisis. See here - http://www.brl.ie/
I use 'consultation process' rather that 'participative process' because that's what occurred in both instances. And, despite good efforts on the part of DCC, it was rather limited. So I wonder about this participative process in the new BIP/ZIP areas in Lisbon. How participative will it really be? Is it a model that could be used elsewhere? I truly hope so.
"Modernism without the media would not exist", a quote from Beatric Colombina, inspired architect Pedro Campos Costa to establish the 'Homeland' newspaper for Portugal's input into the Venice Benniale, which he described in his lecture. Projects and topics covered include 'Informal', 'Collective' that examines the unfinished buildings left by the economic crisis, 'Rehab' that explores the possibilities of regeneration by focusing on Lisbon's rooftops, 'detached' and 'rural' which posits critical reactions to the unchecked growth of cities. The rooftop idea really grabbed my attention. A new way of seeing the city perhaps - like the Highline in NYC. Perhaps could be practical too. A colleague in Dublin completed a thesis at CATS in Wales - http://www.cat.org.uk/index.html - on how the greening of flat roofs in an area of Dublin could reduce the pluvial overflow from roofs and hence flooding. Roofs are so underexploited on many fronts.
ReplyDeleteEven with all the new ways of communicating through social media there is something compelling about seeing people selling an architectural newspaper full of critical articles and innovative projects. Shame the papers ran before I got to the rostrum.
Miguel Brito of BITZIP gave us more detailed info on staistics and the nature of the actual interventions. Very comprehensive mapping of the whole city of Lisbon. Two levels of intervention and the diverse groupings of organisations all sounded interesting. They seem to be focusing on small projects throughout the city as a key to stimulating self generation within communities. Costing €1M from 2011-2014. 110 projects approved. The upgraded historic building as a new community centre and the mobile van with services sounded good, both of which try to help the communities promote their neighbourhoods. I wonder if neighbourhood and community activity has increased with the crisis. This often happens as people have, ironically, more time to volunteer due to reduction in work.
ReplyDeleteI got lost after this due to information overload. Three detailed lectures in a row without a break was stimulating but exhausting.
Fascinating lecture from Sandra Marques Pereira who gave a sociological reading of the architecture of Lisbon housing divided into 4 phases of 1933-74 (God, Family and Nation under dictatorship), 1974 (the revolution - democratisation, deconolisation and development), 1985 (adhesion to the EU, the 'Golden Period' with improvement in living conditions of housing) and 2008-2011 (the Crisis). There followed a detailed analysis of each of these periods characteristics and the impact on housing.
ReplyDeleteThe most striking thing for me was the live-in maid accommodation in middle class apartments. In Ireland the middle class aspiration regarding housing is to live in a 2 or 3-storey detached or semi-detached house in suburbia with a garden front and back, access to good schools, shopping and amenities by car, and a dog. Long mortgage which causes huge stress. No maids though. Maybe a foreign au pair when kids are small. She usually sleeps in the small box room which the first grumpy teenager moves in to later on.
So this fascination of the Portugese bourgeoisie with the maid's accommodation is a first for me. What was amazing also was how it was reinterpreted in the new modernist Portela scheme from the late 1960s with a separate maids' external door (albeit at the front now), separate lift access and apartment access door included in some of the blocks. So the new democratic and modernist housing still retained the class divisons of the old blocks.
Very stimulating talk from a socioligist. Maybe architects could learn more from them, along with the users of housing of course.